You may know someone who is guilty of it and not even aware of it.
It is one of the many ways that the discounting, stereotyping and stigma of mental disorders is perpetuated. It is discriminatory, in the same way that sexism and racism are.
It is one of the ways the media distorts the symptoms of mental illness to suit the ends of comedy and drama.
And it is dangerous. Very dangerous.
Well, what is it, then?
What is clinomorphism?
Clinomorphism is the deliberate or unintentional simplification, alteration, exaggeration, or amplification of the term for a medical condition, usually for dramatic effect:
- It simplifies by using a caricature to which sufferers of (or care providers for those with) the condition may object vehemently.
- It amplifies and exaggerates by the frequent over-use of a medical term, in the absence of genuine symptoms.
- It shows the leakage of misunderstood medical terminology into popular language, most often in a caricatured or stereotypical manner.
What are some examples of clinomorphism?
The simplest example is panic attacks. Panic attacks are a real psychological disorder. The sufferer experiences a sudden, devastating attack of choked breathing, pounding heart, wrenching muscle tension and other mental and physical symptoms. It is no joke.
Yet many people will describe their having a “panic attack” when they mean they had a moment of unpleasant surprise, embarrassment or confusion. This diminishes the very real suffering of people who have Panic Disorder, whose lives can be wrecked by it.
One of the most frequent use of clinomorphisms is the confusion between the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD). These are entirely different psychological diagnoses that the media and the public confuse.
How many times have you heard someone described as being picky and pedantic about something as “OCD?” That’s wrong, wrong, wrong. Those are symptoms of OCPD. And how many offhand remarks have you heard about someone being “OCD” who checks that the front door is locked? While checking and rechecking are a symptom of OCD, the use of the term without the person’s having genuine symptoms is a clinomorphism.
People with schizophrenia are commonly referred to by the public and the media as having “split personalities.” That is a symptom of Dissociative Identity Disorder, not schizophrenia. And that schizophrenics see hallucinations, when the vast majority who experience hallucinations have the auditory type. Two more examples of clinomorphisms.
And we laugh at geeks all the time. However, the media continually misapplies mental disease labels to geeks who are actually displaying only variants of normal behavior. For example, Wired Magazine published an article in 2001 entitled “The Geek Syndrome” in which they speculated that geeks displayed the signs of autism or Asperger’s Syndrome.
While shyness, lack of athletic ability or social skills, and intellectual interests may be unusual to some, they definitely are not signs of autism or Asperger’s syndrome. This is an example of the media’s clinomorphism.
Do clinomorphisms just result in hurt feelings, or are they dangerous?
Sure, clinomorphisms hurt people’s feelings and make them and their caregivers hopping mad. But dangerous? Yes, definitely.
First, let’s recap what clinomorphisms do: They make people assign false labels to themselves and others based on half-knowledge and cultural mythology. Every headache is a ” migraine,” every reaction to a surprise is a “panic attack.”
And clinomorphisms make people distill real symptoms into something that is culturally acceptable, easily understood, and completely false. They make the ridiculing and discounting of the symptoms of mental disorders easy and almost unavoidable.
So, people with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are simply “malingering.” Those with Generalized Anxiety Disorder are “worry warts.” People with ADHD are being “disobedient.” And those with dyslexia become “stupid.” People who have Social Phobia are only “very shy.”
Clinomorphisms promote such statements as “just snap out of it,” and “get a grip” when these people need professional treatment.
Because clinomorphisms have become the cultural standard, the sufferers themselves think of themselves in these terms. Thus, the person with PTSD thinks that they can “just snap out of it” and that they are a malingerer for not being able to do so.
Clinomorphisms are responsible for many, many people not getting the mental health care they so desperately need!
So what’s to be done?
Just as all politics are local, all change starts with you. In the same way that you filter your speech to remove sexism and racism, you can monitor your speech to avoid clinomorphisms.
And you can help other people be aware of what they are inadvertently saying. If you are really worked up about this, as I am, you can write to the media outlets when you see examples of clinomorphisms in the media.
Clinomorphisms only continue the stigma of mental illness, and only reinforce discrimination against people who suffer with it.
You can do something about it!
What do you think?
- I know I have uttered many clinomorphisms in my life and now regret it. How about you?
- Can you detect clinomorphisms in the media?
- Am I making a mountain out of a molehill with all this clinomorphism stuff?
As always, your comments are welcome!
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Resources used in this post:
Wikipedia. (2008). Clinomorphism. Retrieved June 27, 2008 from Wikipedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinomorphism
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